Techno-Economic Considerations for Optimal Sizing of Isolated Hydrogen-Battery-Solar Powered Microgrids

Hydrogen and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are being widely integrated in microgrids with renewable energy storage systems. However, factors such as control strategies, capital costs, system efficiency and operation constraints have an impact on the planning of microgirds and system sizing. The effect of controller strategies, battery technologies on the system performance was studied and a sensitivity analysis has also been carried out for the system for two types of loads: single house and residential. It was found that cycle charging proved to be more effective for single house while for a residential community the load following strategy was more effetive. Also, in terms of battery chemistry Lithium Ion Nickel Managanese Cobalt Oxide (Li-Ion NMC) battery had the longest lifetime. The sensitivity analysis showed that capital cost for hydrogen electrolyzer and the solar reserve capacity had the most impact on the system sizing.