Manajemen diri dan implikasinya terhadap kualitas hidup penderita diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetes is one of the diseases that has received a lot of attention because it is included in chronic diseases. If not controlled, it can cause serious complications. Hyperglycemia is defined as a disorder in the metabolic system characterized by high blood glucose levels. Self-management behavior is one of the mainstays of diabetes management, so all sufferers of this disease must try to maintain blood sugar monitoring as part of a self-management behavior strategy. Purpose: To determine self-management and its implications for the quality of life of people with diabetes mellitus. Method: Quantitative research with descriptive methods, samples taken were 75 respondents and selected through purposive sampling techniques. The instrument used was the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) questionnaire consisting of 16 questions. Data analysis only used univariate analysis. Results: Respondent data with poor self-management were mostly in the age range of 60-69 years (18 respondents (64.3%), female gender 19 respondents (67.9%), average elementary school education 17 respondents (60.7%), working as self-employed 11 respondents (39.3%). Respondents who consumed the most DM medication had poor self-management as many as 26 respondents (92.9%), respondents who did not routinely take medication had poor self-management as many as 19 respondents (67.9%), and those who had suffered from DM >5 years were also poor in managing themselves as many as 27 respondents (96.4%). Conclusion: Poor self-management mostly occurred in respondents aged 0-69 years, female gender, low education, private sector workers, did not routinely take medication, and had suffered from DM for quite a long time. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus (DM); Quality of Life; Self-Management Pendahuluan: Penyakit diabetes merupakan salah satu dari banyaknya penyakit yang mendapat banyak perhatian karena termasuk dalam penyakit kronis. Apabila tidak dikendalikan, dapat menyebabkan komplikasi yang serius. Hiperglikemia diartikan sebagai gangguan pada sistem metabolisme yang ditandai dengan nilai glukosa dalam darah tinggi. Perilaku self-management merupakan salah satu andalan pengelolaan diabetes, sehingga semua penderita penyakit ini harus berusaha menjaga pemantauan gula darah sebagai bagian dari strategi perilaku pengelolaan diri. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui manajemen diri dan implikasinya terhadap kualitas hidup penderita diabetes melitus. Metode. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif, sampel yang diambil sebanyak 75 responden dan dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) terdiri dari 16 pertanyaan. Analisis data hanya menggunakan analisis univariate. Hasil: Data responden yang memiliki self-management buruk mayoritas pada rentang usia 60-69 tahun sebanyak (18 responden (64.3%), berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 19 responden (67.9%), rata-rata pendidikan SD sebanyak 17 responden (60.7%), bekerja sebagai wiraswasta sebanyak 11 responden (39.3%). Paling banyak responden mengkonsumsi obat DM memiliki self-management buruk sebanyak 26 responden (92.9%), responden yang tidak rutin mengkonsumsi obat memiliki self-management buruk sebanyak 19 (67.9%), dan lama menderita DM >5 tahun juga buruk dalam memanajemen dirinya sebanyak 27 responden (96.4%). Simpulan: Self-management yang buruk mayoritas terjadi pada responden yang berusia 0-69 tahun, berjenis kelamin perempuan, berpendidikan rendah, bekerja sebagai swasta, tidak rutin mengonsumsi obat, dan menderita DM cukup lama. Kata Kunci: Diabetes Mellitus (DM); Kualitas Hidup; Manajemen Diri.