EFFECTS OF SELENIUM NANOPARTICLES AND CHITOSAN ON MEAT QUALITY, LIPID PROFILE, TISSUE MINERAL CONTENT AND TIBIAL BONE MORPHOMETRY IN HEAT STRESSED BROILERS

This study aimed to assess the effects of selenium and selenium nanoparticles with chitosan on broiler chickens during heat stress. In this study, total 336 chicks were raised. These birds were split into seven groups, each with six sets of eight birds, depending on the treatments they received. There were two control groups: one with the regular diet (negative control) and another with the regular diet plus heat stress (positive control) known as A and B Groups respectively. The remaining groups were as follows: Group-C (Basal diet+0.3mg/kg selenium), Group-D (Basal diet + 0.3mg/kg nano selenium + heat stress), Group-E (basal diet+300mg/kg chitosan+heat stress), Group-F (basal diet+0.3mg/kg selenium+300mg/kg chitosan+ heat stress) and Group-G (0.3mg nano selenium + 300mg/kg chitosan/+basal diet + heat stress). The various parameters were analyzed, including drip loss, cooking loss, lipid profiles, mineral content, and bone characteristics was significantly improved in Group G, receiving nano selenium and chitosan under heat stress. Moreover, Group G showed higher selenium, calcium, and phosphorus content in breast muscle tissue, along with tibial bone characteristics such as weight, length, wall thickness, density, and medullary canal diameter as compared to group-B. Although weight/length index showed no significant differences, Group G demonstrated the highest Tibiotarsal Index (TTI) and Robusticity Index (RI). These findings suggest the beneficial effects of nano selenium and chitosan supplementation, particularly evident under heat stress conditions. Učinki nanodelcev selena in hitozana na kakovost mesa, lipidni profil, vsebnost mineralov v tkivih in morfometrijo golenice pri toplotno obremenjenih brojlerjih Izvleček: Namen raziskave je bil oceniti učinke selena in selenovih nanodelcev s hitozanom na piščance brojlerje v času toplotnega stresa. V tej študiji je bilo vzrejenih 336 piščancev. Razdeljeni so bili v sedem skupin, vsaka je vsebovala šest enot, v katerih je bilo nastanjenih po osem piščancev, odvisno od zdravljenja, ki so ga prejeli. Bili sta dve kontrolni skupini: ena z običajno prehrano (negativna kontrola) in druga z običajno prehrano in toplotnim stresom (pozitivna kontrola), imenovani skupini A in B. Druge skupine so bile: skupina C (osnovna prehrana + 0,3 mg/kg selena), skupina D (osnovna prehrana + 0,3 mg/kg nanoselena + toplotni stres), skupina E (osnovna prehrana + 300 mg/kg hitozana + toplotni stres), skupina F (osnovna prehrana + 0,3 mg/kg selena + 300 mg/kg hitozana + toplotni stres) in skupina G (0,3 mg nanoselena + 300 mg/kg hitozana/+ osnovna prehrana + toplotni stres). Analizirani so bili različni parametri, vključno z izgubo vode iz mesa, izgubo vode pri kuhanju, lipidnimi profili, vsebnostjo mineralov in značilnostmi kosti, ki so se v skupini G, ki je prejemala nanoselen in hitozan pod vročinskim stresom, znatno izboljšali. Poleg tega so bile pri skupini G v primerjavi s skupino B ugotovljena višja vsebnost selena, kalcija in fosforja v prsni muskulaturi piščancev ter boljše lastnosti golenice, kot so masa, dolžina, debelina stene, gostota in premer medularnega kanala. Čeprav indeks mase/dolžine ni pokazal bistvenih razlik, sta bila pri skupini G ugotovljena najvišja tibiotarzalni indeks (TTI) in indeks robustnosti (RI). Te ugotovitve kažejo na ugodne učinke dodajanja nanoselena in hitozana, ki so še posebej očitni v razmerah vročinskega stresa. Ključne besede: selen; nanoselen; hitozan; kakovost mišic; stanje lipidov; golenica; brojlerji; toplotni stres