NOVAS SUBSTÂNCIAS PISICOATIVAS E OS SEUS IMPACTOS NOS EXAMES TOXICOLÓGICOS NA AVIAÇÃO

Operational safety will always be among the main objectives of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), but to be successful in this process, constant monitoring of all factors contributing to aviation accidents and incidents, especially the human factor, is necessary. New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) have become a matter of concern in this context, because in a period of approximately 10 years, approximately 950 substances were discovered worldwide, and they ended up becoming a critical problem for aviation, contributing to numerous occurrences in aviation, including fatal accidents. This research, carried out through a literature review, aims to investigate the challenges and perspectives of toxicological testing in aviation, highlighting the difficulty in detection and the need for more advanced methods to minimize or avoid their threats. In addition, an analysis will be carried out of the effectiveness of current toxicological assessment methodologies, as well as proposing strategies for their improvement. The research considered issues such as technological advances, current regulations applied to the aviation sector and technical reports prepared by government organizations. Regarding the results obtained, it was found that the tests currently performed have limitations in their identification processes, especially for new substances, which ends up exposing operational safety in aviation to significant vulnerabilities. In conclusion, we identified the real need for investments to modernize and improve current tests, as well as the harmonization of international regulations, which are essential to mitigate the risks associated with the use of psychoactive substances, which can guarantee a safe and sustainable operational environment.