Piometra em coelha holandesa <i>(Oryctolagus cuniculus)</i>

Pyometra is a common condition often seen in domesticated rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), characterized by an infection in the uterus that can result in serious systemic complications when not treated properly. The results of the clinical discussion covered by this case report revealed a 5 years old female Dutch rabbit with the characteristic clinical signs of pyometritis, such as abdominal distension, hyperthermia and lethargy. The assertive diagnostic protocol for this disease usually involves detailed clinical examinations, hematological analysis, ultrasound evaluation and uterine fluid analysis. Abdominal ultrasound confirmed the presence of a markedly distended uterus and analysis of the uterine fluid revealed the presence of purulence. Treatment consisted of surgical castration (ovariohysterectomy) by ventral median laparotomy, and appropriate antibiotic therapy, as well as intensive monitoring with special attention to vital parameters, hydroelectrolytic balance and healing of the surgical wound. The patient was kept for 3 days after surgery, when she made a completely satisfactory recovery, being closely assisted by the inpatient team throughout the post-surgical period. After two weeks of follow-up and completion of the therapeutic protocol, the rabbit was discharged from the hospital, showing complete resolution to her typical activities.