Stability and Cybersecurity in Inverter Systems With Virtual Inertia and Damping

Inverters play a critical role in the conversion of Direct Current (DC) power from renewable sources into Alternating Current (AC) for the power grid. This paper investigates droop-controlled inverters and analyzes their transient dynamics. To address the limitations of traditional droop control, which is characterized by low inertia and insufficient damping, we explore the Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) control. Additionally, this paper presents a distributed secondary control strategy for multi-inverter grids, aimed at the regulation of voltage and frequency deviations. These approaches are validated through numerical simulations in IEEE14-based networks. In addition, False Data Injection Attack (FDIA) poses a cybersecurity threat to modern power grids. A binary classification model based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) was trained to detect potential FDIA incidents. The model was implemented and tested using the IEEE14 system. Defense strategies, such as weight reduction and data substitution, were also applied to mitigate the impact of FDIA on power systems, with their effectiveness validated through simulation experiments.