Numerical Analysis of the Thermal Properties of Beeswax Based Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage Applications in Comparison to Paraffin: Highlights: Exploration of the Application of Beeswax as a Sustainable Substitute for Paraffin wax

Due to the high energy demand in society, energy storage and management have become major areas of research in recent days. Commonly used for heat storage, paraffin, a petroleum-derived phase change material (PCM), raises sustainability concerns. This paper investigates the possibility of using beeswax (BW) as a bio-based, sustainable alternative to paraffin wax for thermal energy storage applications by comparing beeswax's heat flux and temperature rise profiles with those of paraffin to assess its suitability for various heat storage system designs. The results showed the potential of beeswax as a viable replacement for paraffin wax. Better heat storage capacity and thermal control of beeswax were noticed with almost equal heat flux.