Numerical modeling of slope stability and Safety factor in open-pit mine and conceivable measures

The Open-pit mining operations and techniques can cause substantial modifications to the rock mass structure, which could result in the incidence of landslides in the slope regions of active mining operations. Advances in the mining field have generated many stability analysis methodologies to address this issue. This study aims to assess the stability of the edges of the Kef Essnoun Phosphate Mine (Algeria) located in the northwest, where the current mining activities are taking place. The numerical modeling of the rock mass, based on extensive field and laboratory testing for mass characterization, played a crucial role in determining the potential for danger along the slopes and steps of the mine. Calculations of safety factors indicated that the rock mass, with its complex geological conditions characterized by heterogeneity and weathering, was vulnerable and unstable on the northern edge, compared with the southern edge, which proved stable with a safety factor exceeding the required safety margin. In order to minimize the risk of landslides, we chose a reinforcement method adapted to our case study.