The China-Taiwan Struggle for Diplomatic Recognition: The Importance of SDGs on Small Island States of the Caribbean and the South Pacific

Objectives: Study the similarities and differences of small states of the Caribbean, joined in the Caribbean Community, and South Pacific states, in pursuing their common problems, deriving from their smallness and in most cases, their insular character, as well as geographical remoteness and economic vulnerability, with regards to diplomatic initiatives and action regarding the issue of recognition of either China or Taiwan. Theoretical Framework: A comparison of small island developing states (SIDS), a specific group of states, was done, with regards to China-Taiwan recognition issue. Our research falls into the category of exploration of challenges and opportunities in achieving social equity and justice within the SDG framework, and is particularly connected with SDGs 16 and 17. Method: Explore the various foreign policy strategies of small island states of the Caribbean and the South Pacific region, respectively, by consulting scientific papers, conference papers, press releases, foreign policy documents etc., all covering the problematics of China-Taiwan battle for recognition among the afore-mentioned states. Results and Discussion: Taiwan’s strategy is comprised of providing developmental aid and thereby trying to avoid complete diplomatic isolation, with only 12 states recognizing it at present day, while in 2007 there were still 23. Research Implications: Study of the changes in these issues in the last two decades, particularly connected with the rising of the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the economic pressure of China, which provokes the response in developmental help of Taiwan. Value: The paper gives a contemporary insight into the China-Taiwan diplomatic struggle for recognition, as a zero-sum game, in the two regions of the world where it is most present.