Poor sleep quality and associated factors among community-dwelling older adult at Gondar town

Sleep disturbance poses a significant health concern for older adults, as it is associated with overall health decline. Poor sleep quality increases the risk of chronic diseases, depression, anxiety, and diminished quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among older adults living in the community of Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia, in 2023. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Gondar town from February 20 to April 30, 2023. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a validated tool. Data were coded using Epi data version 3.0 and analyzed in STATA 14. Associated factors were examined using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. In this study a total of 845 study participants were involved with 99.5% response rate. The prevalence of poor sleep quality among elderly community was 54.6% with 95% CI (51- 58%). Age of ≥ 75 years [AOR = 3.88, 95% CI: 2.11-7.10], poor social support [AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 2.35-5.81], physically inactive [AOR = 4.42, 95% CI: 3.11-6.26], chronic disease [AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 2.45-5.55] and depression [AOR = 2.01, 95% (CI: 1.42-2.83)] were factors associated with poor sleep quality. 55% of community-dwelling older adults in Gondar town experience poor sleep quality, particularly those with depression, advanced age, chronic diseases, and poor social support. To address this, enhancing community support and social networking activities is recommended. Engaging in physical activities has shown to significantly improve sleep quality. Healthcare providers should conduct regular screenings for sleep quality issues and provide education about sleep hygiene to enhance sleep quality among older adults. Future researchers are encouraged to use Longitudinal studies to explore the impact of poor sleep quality in older communities.