In vitro study of effects of hesperetin on human oral cancer using KB cell model

Native hesperetin had a potent cytotoxic effect on oral carcinoma KB cells, reducing cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. As the hesperetin concentration increased, the mitochondrial membrane potential was disrupted, leading to apoptosis. Fluorescence microscopy showed that hesperetin induced apoptotic and necrotic cell death, as well as significant oxidative DNA damage. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of hesperetin in cancer treatment due to its ability to induce cell death through multiple mechanisms, thereby making it a promising candidate for further investigation in oral carcinoma therapy.