Health gap closing function of a green behavioral activity system from the perspective of economic and social capital: A case study of sports governance and operation systems

Improving sports governance and operation systems can enable groups with low levels of economic and social capital to obtain greater health benefits, thus narrowing the health benefit gap compared to those with high levels of capital and realizing the sustainable development of sports. This study aims to advance the research on the interactive effects of sports governance and its operation system, economic and social capital and individual health. To explore the moderating effect of sports governance and its operation system on the relationship between the level of economic and social capital and individual health, we utilize a multilayer linear model based on analyzing the impact of sports governance and its operation system on individual health at both the macro (data from 28 provinces) and micro levels (data from 10,801 individuals). The model results indicate that regional sports governance and its operation system positively impact individual health. The level of economic and social capital possessed by individuals has a significant effect on individual health (β=0.02-0.07, p < 0.001). The model estimates of interaction effects indicate that an increase in sports space per capita tends to diminish the health-promoting effect of this variable for the public with higher economic income, can effectively improve the health level of low-income groups. (β=0.33, p < 0.001). The results of this study highlight the importance of optimizing the management and utilization of sport resources to enhance health benefits for public groups with low economic and social capital.