Factors Affecting The Incidence of Hypertension in The Elderly: Literature Review

Hypertension in the elderly is a significant health issue, as it increases the risk of severe complications such as heart disease and stroke. The factors influencing the occurrence of hypertension in the elderly are complex, including lifestyle, psychosocial, and environmental factors. This study aims to identify the factors influencing hypertension in the elderly through a literature review method. The literature was obtained from trusted databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar with relevant keywords. Article selection was conducted using the PRISMA approach, and article quality was assessed using the CASP instrument. The results of the study show that unhealthy eating habits, lack of physical activity, obesity, family support, knowledge about hypertension, and environmental factors are the main contributors to hypertension in the elderly. It is recommended that comprehensive interventions be implemented to promote healthy lifestyles among the elderly, including increasing physical activity, regulating diet, and health education. Social support and strengthening elderly-friendly healthcare facilities are also essential for better hypertension management.