Mycotoxin contamination in staple foods from Mauritanian markets

Mycotoxin contamination of staple foods represents a significant public health concern, particularly in countries lacking regulatory frameworks. This study aimed to assess mycotoxin contamination in maize, cowpeas and rice from local markets across Mauritania, using three detection methods (Charm II, ELISA and immunochromatographic tests). Samples were collected from 14 markets in six cities to analyse the presence of aflatoxins, ochratoxins, zearalenone and fumonisins. Preliminary results revealed significant contamination in cowpeas (64% positive for aflatoxins) and maize samples (fumonisins levels up to 50 times the EU limits in Nouakchott and Rosso markets). Rice samples showed minimal contamination across all tested mycotoxins. The obtained results highlight the need for monitoring and regulation of mycotoxin contamination in Mauritania, particularly considering climate change impacts on mycotoxin production and associated health risks.