Behavior of Concrete Beam Encasing Castellated Steel Section with Different Types of Concrete

This research examines the behavior of composite castellated beams (CCB) encased in concrete with variable pore diameters. Use two distinct varieties of concrete [Normal Strength Concrete (NSC) and High Strength Concrete (HSC)] and two different opening sizes (depth 140 mm and depth 280 mm). The stud connections integrate the steel and concrete components when shear connectors are employed with full interaction. Under two-point loading conditions, if evaluated, four composite beams were simply supported. The structure's utmost pressure support capacity was assessed. The castellated beams are among the numerous characteristics evaluated when the test results employ two concrete varieties. The final load percentages increased by approximately 16% due to the hexagonal opening size of 140 mm that the sample encountered when using HSC. Compared to the same sample when using NSC, the mid-deflection and horizontal displacement percentages are also reduced by 11.2% and 1.2%, respectively. Additionally, the sample with the same aperture exhibited a higher ultimate burden during full interaction. The model experiences less deflection and a greater bearing when employing HSC.