The Duality of Organizational Capabilities of Industrial Companies in Iraq: The Mediating Role of Organizational Agility and the Importance of Knowledge Experience and Job Level in Their Moderating Role

This study was conducted on six industrial companies in the Iraqi food manufacturing sector, which are distributed across various geographical locations in the provinces. The population consists of all managers and employees of the branches of these companies, forming the study sample. The current study opted for a purposive sample of 250 individuals from the selected companies, including board members, department heads, unit managers, service center employees, and authorized managers of granted agencies. The results showed that all values of the skewness and kurtosis coefficients fall within the normal distribution limits of ±2.54, indicating that all items related to strategic agility and human talent management variables follow a normal distribution. Additionally, the standardized regression weights or parameter estimates displayed on the arrows connecting the latent variables to each item of the scale exceeded the threshold value of 0.40 (the criterion for assessing the validity of items), which is statistically acceptable. This confirms that the data collected from the study sample aligns with the measurement model represented here by the organizational agility and human talent management scales. The Cronbach's alpha values ranged from 0.958 to 0.738, which are statistically acceptable in administrative and behavioral research since they exceed 0.70. This indicates that the tools used demonstrate high consistency and reliability. Therefore, the study recommends the necessity of adopting a clear strategic vision and believing in it within the philosophy of top management to achieve agility and, consequently, talent at the organizational level. This has a significant role in enhancing the organization's orientations and its entrepreneurial readiness toward the changes, developments, and future requirements necessary to survive in a dynamic, uncertain, and continuously changing business environment.