Prevalence, Perceived Benefits and Health Implications Awareness of Skin Bleaching Practices among Adults in Delta State, Nigeria

Regardless of the numerous side effects of skin bleaching, the phenomenon is assuming popularity among individuals across different regions and cultures in Nigeria. The study aims to assess the prevalence, perceived benefits and health implication awareness of skin bleaching practices among adults in Delta State, Nigeria, based on the assumptions of Health Belief Model (HBM), Social Learning Theory and Social Comparison Theory. Descriptive research design was adopted, based on the statistically determined sample size, cluster, purposive and convenience sampling techniques were combined to select 238 respondents from different settings, such as shopping malls, markets, workplaces, recreation parks and street corners, using covert observation and intercept, and hypotheses were tested using Chi-square and T-test statistical tools at 0.05 level of significance. Commonly used skin bleaching products and brands were identified, and perceived benefits were grouped into enhanced attractiveness (40.8%), improved self-esteem (20.2%), social acceptance (22.3%) and professional advantages (4.6%). The results showed 60.9% prevalence, significant association with perceived benefits, no significant difference in awareness of health implications. The study emphasized the implementation of regulations and guidelines, development of evidence-based interventions and awareness campaigns to promote safe and informed choices regarding skincare practices.