Smart Water Automation System to Regulate Watering of Horticultural Plants with Arduino-based Fuzzy Logic

Manual irrigation management of horticultural crops often causes water wastage, inefficiency, and lack of adaptation to dynamic environmental conditions. This research aims to develop a fuzzy logic-based watering automation system using Arduino microcontroller and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The system is designed to improve water use efficiency through real-time data-based decision making from soil moisture, air temperature, and light intensity sensors. The methods used include hardware design with sensors integrated into an Arduino-based system, software development using fuzzy logic algorithms for adaptive decision making, and IoT integration for remote monitoring and control through web-based or mobile applications. Test results show that the system is able to reduce water consumption by 35% compared to manual methods, with soil moisture sensor accuracy reaching 95%, temperature sensor 93%, and light intensity sensor 90%. The IoT system successfully sends real-time data with a success rate of more than 95% and an average response time of less than 200 milliseconds. The results showed that the fuzzy logic and IoT-based watering automation system offers an efficient, adaptive, and environmentally friendly solution for modern irrigation management. This system is relevant to be adopted by farmers in various regions, especially with limited water resources