Tuberculous Peritonitis

Peritoneal tuberculosis is a rare form of abdominal tuberculosis, ranking fourth among extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We report the case of a 23-year-old man from Guinea who presented acute abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever. The clinical examination revealed signs of generalized peritonitis. Laboratory tests showed leukocytosis and anemia, and the biopsy confirmed necrotizing granulomatous inflammation, indicating peritoneal tuberculosis. Despite surgical management, the patient rapidly died after the operation. This case underscores the importance of considering peritoneal tuberculosis as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with acute peritonitis, especially in populations of the regions where tuberculosis is endemic.