Unveiling the gummy smile: Modern perspectives on etiology, diagnosis, and orthodontic management - Contemporary review

To satisfy patient's growing need for Aesthetic Enhancement, orthodontists nowadays must focus functional as well as aesthetic smile enhancement.A recent trend in orthodontics is the pursuit of enhanced facial aesthetics and a youthful appearance, which has motivated experts to lay forth guidelines and standards in an effort to identify the factors that influence face aesthetics.Obviously, a young and pleasant smile is the most important aspect of this need.Inappropriate or even unattractive smiles might result from excessive gingival show.As a result, addressing the "gummy smile" becomes a key treatment goal in response to patient demand.The excessive vertical maxillary growth, excessive labial contraction, shorter upper lip, excessive gingival growth, and anterior tooth extrusion are some of the multifactorial symptoms of the aetiology.Other treatment options include orthognathic, plastic, and periodontal surgery, as well as orthodontics.Therapies are frequently interdisciplinary.The purpose of this article is to clarify the diagnosis, aetiology, and therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of gummy grin.