Cancer Patient Perspectives on Medical Aid in Dying: An Integrative Review

Background: Medical aid in dying (MAID) is a treatment option that allows a patient to end their life prematurely. It has been a widely discussed topic over recent years regarding individuals with terminal illness. Objective: This review examined the cancer patient’s views on MAID and the factors influencing their perspective. Interventions/Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases. The search included articles published between 1997 and 2024. The initial search yielded 184 articles and 12 of those articles were included for review. These articles all examined variables that affect the adult patient perspective on MAID in individuals with cancer. Results: The factors include demographic characteristics, physical and mental health, social support, quality of life, spirituality, and psychosocial burden. Conclusion: Findings suggest a need for further research to be completed on this topic, especially from the perspective of those with terminal cancer, which would assist patients and caregivers alike in assessing available end-of-life options. Implications for Practice: Consideration of the variables that influence cancer patients’ opinions regarding MAID is essential for healthcare professionals to establish respectful, patient-centered care and informed decision-making surrounding end-of-life decisions. Foundational: Exploration regarding cancer patient perspectives, ethical perspectives, and clinical experiences to provide a comprehensive understanding of this complex and challenging topic. This review gives unique insights regarding cancer perspectives, which allows for compassionate, patient care that respects individual autonomy at the end of life.