Practical tools for digitalization in logistics: “knapsack” method and dynamic programming

The article presents a variety of approaches to the definition of logistics, including a schematic representation of the classification of types and main functions of logistics in the author’s interpretation. A justification is given for the variability of methods for calculating logistics parameters, supported by illustrative examples from the theory and practice of logistics. It is noted that many solutions to logistics problems are associated with the concepts of optimality and optimization methods, since they often come down to finding the optimal route, optimal resource provision, distribution policy, production management, that is, to the optimal answer, which is achieved by, for example, reducing time for cargo delivery by choosing the most profitable supplier and carrier, as well as through the introduction of modern digital technologies. It is argued that in order to obtain the best (reliable and accurate) result, it is necessary to consider the entire logistics process not only from the point of view of a management approach, but also methods of mathematical analysis. In this regard, the article focuses on the possibilities of synergy between classical and digital logistics with mathematics and computer science to solve logistics problems. Particular importance is given to the practical use of the “backpack” method and dynamic programming in calculations and analytical conclusions for the purposes of logistics planning and accounting. In the context of the digital transformation of the economy in general, and logistics processes in particular, these approaches are acquiring a new, relevant interpretation and practical significance.