Design of all-optical NOR and NAND gate using hybrid material corner scatters in photonic crystal ring resonators

Abstract All-optical photonic logic gates are found to be fundamental to photonic computing. Advances in photonic crystal structures, integrated circuits, nonlinear optics, multi-level logic, hybrid approaches, and quantum photonic computing enhance optical computing’s complexity and performance. This work focuses on designing all-optical logic gates using photonic crystal ring resonators, highlighting the role of corner scatters. The proposed NOR and NAND gates employ ZnO and SiO 2 , as corner scatterers with reflective and partially transmissive properties. The results were thoroughly analyzed and compared with an existing design that uses silicon as the base material for both the waveguide and corner scatterers. This comparative analysis highlights the significance of corner scatterers and the impact of material selection of corner scatterers, providing deeper insights into their role in the proposed NOR and NAND gate design.