Improving Frequency Control of Multi-Area Interconnected Hydro-Thermal Power System Using PSO Algorithm

In modern power systems, fluctuations in load present ongoing challenges, making Load frequency control (LFC) an essential part of maintaining system stability and efficiency. This paper explores a method that combines traditional PID control with the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to improve frequency regulation in interconnected hydropower systems. By using PSO, the method fine-tunes the PID controller parameters, enhancing frequency regulation, accelerating stabilization, and ensuring steady power flow across interconnecting lines. The simulation results show that this optimized method outperforms the conventional techniques, offering improved dynamic responses and a more robust performance, even in challenging and variable conditions. This makes it a promising solution for modern power systems, particularly in managing load fluctuations and maintaining frequency stability in interconnected hydropower systems.