PROSPECTS OF THE USE OF LITHIUM IN ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS

Introduction. Ukraine has large reserves of lithium ores, which makes it possible to attract domestic enterprises and institutions related to the electrochemical field to global cooperation in the creation of energy storage systems. In this context, the purpose of the article was to investigate the prospects for the use of lithium in modern energy storage systems, as well as to assess the domestic scientific potential of creating energy storage systems for renewable energy. Materials and methods. The following methods were used to conduct the research: analysis and synthesis, comparison, monographic, economic-statistical, systemic approach, etc. To assess the prospects of lithium in modern energy storage systems and the potential of domestic science, a review of scientific publications on the topic of the study was made. Results and discussion. A comparison of the best-known energy storage systems today allows us to conclude that electrochemical energy storage systems are the cheapest, most flexible, compact, ecological and efficient. Other energy storage systems occupy their niches, develop technologically and will compete for electrochemical systems. Lithium, as the most energy-intensive metal, plays a key role in electrochemical energy storage systems. Lithium forms the basis of lithium-ion batteries, and is also part of other innovative batteries that may eventually replace lithium-ion batteries. Thus, in the medium term, the demand for lithium is most likely to be stable, which opens up prospects for the domestic lithium industry. Conclusions. Lithium plays a key role in electrochemical energy storage systems due to its high energy density. Currently, the demand for lithium is formed by lithium-ion batteries, which have a large specific weight in electrochemical energy storage systems. But in the future, when the life cycle of lithium-ion batteries will end, the demand for lithium will remain due to its high technical characteristics. Ukraine has sufficient scientific potential for the development of the electrochemical industry. This is evidenced both by the history of the formation of the scientific school of electrochemistry in the institutes of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and by modern research conducted by Ukrainian scientists in Western universities and in Ukraine.