Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillation Parameters Using Convolutional Neural Networks with 9.3 Years of Data in IceCube DeepCore

The DeepCore subdetector of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory provides access to neutrinos with energies above approximately 5 GeV. Data taken between 2012 and 2021 (3387 days) are utilized for an atmospheric ν_{μ} disappearance analysis that studied 150 257 neutrino-candidate events with reconstructed energies between 5 and 100 GeV. An advanced reconstruction based on a convolutional neural network is applied, providing increased signal efficiency and background suppression, resulting in a measurement with both significantly increased statistics compared to previous DeepCore oscillation results and high neutrino purity. For the normal neutrino mass ordering, the atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters and their 1σ errors are measured to be Δm_{32}^{2}=2.40_{-0.04}^{+0.05}×10^{-3} eV^{2} and sin^{2}θ_{23}=0.54_{-0.03}^{+0.04}. The results are the most precise to date using atmospheric neutrinos, and are compatible with measurements from other neutrino detectors including long-baseline accelerator experiments.

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Journal
Physical Review Letters
Published
2025-03-07
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.091801
Citations
12
Primary Topic
Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
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article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
22.44

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Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillation Parameters Using Convolutional Neural Networks with 9.3 Years of Data in IceCube DeepCore

S. R. Klein, L. Schumacher, M. Baricevic, C. H. Wiebusch et al.
12 citations
Physical Review Letters
Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
22.44
article

Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillation Parameters Using Convolutional Neural Networks with 9.3 Years of Data in IceCube DeepCore

S. R. Klein, L. Schumacher, M. Baricevic, C. H. Wiebusch, J. Graciá‐Carpio, Philip Weigel, J. Rack-Helleis, Linda B. Bloom, G. Roellinghoff, A. Connolly, H. Niederhausen, S. J. Gray, T. Stezelberger, G. M. Spiczak, M. Lamoureux, Y. Ashida, M. Jacquart, G. Anton, A. K. Upadhyay, Thien Nhan Chau, T. Glüsenkamp, Woosik Kang, J. Evans, Torsten C. Schmidt, I. Taboada, H. Hamdaoui, Michael Campana, J. Soedingrekso, Oliver Gries, A. Kochocki, Felix Schlüter, D. Seckel, R. Procter-Murphy, D. Soldin, Christina Love, C. Girard-Carillo, P. Desiati, D. Kappesser, Abdul Rehman, I. Martinez-Soler, K. D. de Vries, R. Young, Amruta Desai, Ryo Nagai, Axel Ponten, J. Krishnamoorthi, M. Prado Rodriguez, Z. Rechav, Yantao Liu, S. Philippen, J. R. Willison, Erik Ganster, G. de Wasseige, Leonora Kardum, M. Marsee, M. Karl, N. Park, H. Dujmovic, N. N. Lad, Richard Naab, J. Braun, S. Shefali, Christoph Raab, K. Rawlins, D. J. Koskinen, Matheus Hostert, Miaochen Jin, M. Wolf, C. Argüelles, M. Schaufel, M. Silva, D. Chirkin, E. N. Paudel, S. Choi, C. Günther, F. Lucarelli, Markus Dittmer, K. Dutta, J. M. Conrad, P. Eller, S. Yoshida, F. Halzen, Julia Book, A. Hidvegi, N. Heyer, G. W. Sullivan, S. Sarkar, Finn Mayhew, J. Osborn, C. Spannfellner, S. Fiedlschuster, D. Salazar-Gallegos, Elena Manao, A. Balagopal V., E. Bernardini, F. Bontempo, J. V. Mead, Alejandro A. Díaz, J. Peterson, G. K. Parker, Livia Brusa, Shaoqing Yu, Dong Woo Kang, Matthias Thiesmeyer, Maximilian Meier, S. Rodan, W. Y., Sharif El Mentawi, S. Griffin, C. Pérez de los Heros, Cristina Lagunas Gualda, P. Sampathkumar, M. Venugopal, Darren Grant, J. Weldert, D. F. Cowen, Sreetama Goswami, T. Kozynets, N. Feigl, Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, J. Beise, F. Lauber, W. Luszczak, K. Upshaw, P. Coppin, K. Hoshina, Kathrine Mørch Groth, A. Hallgren, J. Vandenbroucke, C. Bellenghi, G. S. Japaridze, S. Griswold, P. Correa, Gaurav Garg, M. Kowalski, Bob Oeyen, Vedant Basu, A. Leszczyńska, Oliver Janik, M. Kovacevich, J. Vara, Dominique Besson, S. Robertson, E. Lohfink, M. Jansson, Kareem Ramadan Farrag, H. Pandya, J. Böttcher, H. Erpenbeck, Erin O’Sullivan, R. Turcotte, E. Ellinger, J. G. Gonzalez, S. Sclafani, Ryan T. Burley, Thomas Stuttard, A. Khatee Zathul, N. Shimizu, Lukas Merten, S. Mancina, A. Søgaard, Jean Pierre Twagirayezu, T. Karg, M. Hünnefeld, F. G. Schröder, R. W. Moore, Christian Haack, Akanksha Katil, M. Ha Minh, N. Valtonen-Mattila, A. Wolf, J. Kiryluk, A. Eimer, J. Hignight, Simeon Bash, Alex Wen, Minhye Seo, L. Ruohan, P. Hatch, A. Obertacke Pollmann, M. U. Nisa, T. Stürwald, R. Snihur, Y. Makino, Y. Merckx, Z. Zhang, A. Kheirandish, L. Gerhardt, J. W. Lee, A. Noell, Aske Rosted, M. Ackermann, Xiaolin Xu, R. Hussain, J. Mitchell, W. Iwakiri, A. R. Fazely, Perri Zilberman, A. Pizzuto, Yang Lyu, Emre Burak Yildizci, A. Domi, K. Meagher, R. Maruyama, D. Tosi, Caterina Boscolo Meneguolo, Minjin Jeong, Vivian O'Dell, A. Vaidyanathan, C. Glaser, S. BenZvi, E. Krupczak, X. Bai, A. Franckowiak, A. Medina, M. Stamatikos, M. Lincetto, K. Noda, J. Schneider, K. Carloni, C. Rott, W. Marie Sainte, G. C. Hill, Ke Fang, T. Ehrhardt, Alexander S. Novikov, J. Werthebach, R. Orsoe, Thomas Huber, Anil Kumar, Gerrit Wrede, B. A. Clark, A. Trettin, D. Vannerom, M. Weyrauch, P. A. Evenson, W. Rhode, J. Brostean-Kaiser, Alejandra Granados, Charlotte Benning, D. B. Fox, S. Mechbal, S. Tilav, K. Helbing, J. L. Kelley, N. M. Amin, J. Saffer, Silvia Latseva, M. Kauer, A. Haungs, Jean-Marco Alameddine, B. Brinson, J. Becker Tjus, Y. Popovych, A. Kappes, P. Zhelnin, Frank McNally, T. Montaruli, Else Magnus, N. Kamp, N. Whitehorn, I. C. Mariş, Lars Philipp Heuermann, M. Liubarska, Philipp Fürst, J. J. Beatty, M. García, Sharmistha Chattopadhyay, Delaney Butterfield, M. Nakos, M. Plum, Kayla Leonard DeHolton, B. Smithers, S. Verpoest, Pascal Gutjahr, E. Blaufuss, Martin Unland Elorrieta, Rasha Abbasi, T. Mukherjee, A. Ghadimi, J. J. DeLaunay, S. Seunarine, A. Ishihara, Sam Hori, J. P. Lazar, S. Schindler, Adam Rifaie, Doğa Veske, X. Kang, Lincoln Draper, J. Y. Liao, Philipp Soldin, S. Hickford, L. Fischer, Leonhard Eidenschink, J. Veitch-Michaelis, B. Pries, B. Riedel, S. N. Axani, J. Savelberg, Giacomo Sommani, Sen Deng, M. Neumann, D. Ryckbosch, E. J. Roberts, Yasutsugu Morii, A. A. Harnisch, Michael Handt, Akshima Negi, Mohammad Ful Hossain Seikh, D. Delgado, Chris Weaver, J. Micallef, I. Caracas, E. Bourbeau, Marjon Moulai, Kwok Lung Fan, Jonas Häußler, A. Fedynitch, Karolin Hymon, P. Koundal, A. Coleman, C. Ha, K. Kruiswijk, Jonas Hellrung, J. Necker, Matthias Vereecken, S. Sarkar, W. G. Thompson, S. Athanasiadou, B. Schlüter, J. van Santen, Summer Blot, L. Halve, H. Kolanoski, Ludwig Neste, Nick Schmeisser, A. Vijai, Lucas Witthaus, L. Ausborm, J. Hermannsgabner, Eliot Genton, Teresa Pernice, P. Sevle Myhr, Patrick Schaile, Martin Langgård Ravn, P. Dierichs, L. Lu, Andrew Wang, Andreas Weindl, Wenjie Hou, Alyssa Garcia, Satoshi Fukami, Jessie Thwaites, H. Schieler, C. Tönnis, R. Koirala, S. W. Barwick, P. Reichherzer, A. Sandrock, G. T. Przybylski, A. Olivas, O. Botner, U. Naumann, C. Kopper, C. Finley, K. D. Hoffman, J. Adams, K. Hanson, T. DeYoung, S. Reusch, N. van Eijndhoven, M. Rongen, K. Andeen, C. De Clercq, C. Hill, U. Katz, R. Morse, L. Köpke, R. Shah, R. Bay, I. Safa, K. Tollefson, M. Ahlers, J. A. Aguilar, D. Berley, A. Terliuk, A. Karle, G. H. Collin, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, P. Savina, Dominik Elsässer, R. Engel, Z. Márka, E. Kun, L. Paul, T. Yuan, M. J. Larson, Benjamin P. Jones, C. Spiering, J. P. Yanez, Simona Toscano, S. Márka, K. B. M. Mahn, Melany Zimmerman, B. Skrzypek, J. Gallagher, Manish Khanal, N. Kurahashi, P. Dave, D. R. Williams, J. Madsen, C. Wendt, C. Walck, K. Hultqvist, S. Böser, Rebecca Corley, M. A. DuVernois, Z. Chen, T. Kontrimas, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, J. Hardin, M. Santander, T. Stanev, T. Ruhe, E. Resconi
article en
12 citations

Abstract

The DeepCore subdetector of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory provides access to neutrinos with energies above approximately 5 GeV. Data taken between 2012 and 2021 (3387 days) are utilized for an atmospheric ν_{μ} disappearance analysis that studied 150 257 neutrino-candidate events with reconstructed energies between 5 and 100 GeV. An advanced reconstruction based on a convolutional neural network is applied, providing increased signal efficiency and background suppression, resulting in a measurement with both significantly increased statistics compared to previous DeepCore oscillation results and high neutrino purity. For the normal neutrino mass ordering, the atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters and their 1σ errors are measured to be Δm_{32}^{2}=2.40_{-0.04}^{+0.05}×10^{-3} eV^{2} and sin^{2}θ_{23}=0.54_{-0.03}^{+0.04}. The results are the most precise to date using atmospheric neutrinos, and are compatible with measurements from other neutrino detectors including long-baseline accelerator experiments.

Physical Review LettersVol. 134(9)
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE), Marquette University (US), University of Geneva (CH), Uppsala University (SE), University of Copenhagen (DK), Georgia Institute of Technology (US), Pennsylvania State University (US), Université Libre de Bruxelles (BE), University of Nevada, Las Vegas (US), University of Nevada, Reno (US), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE), University of Wisconsin–Madison (US), Harvard University (US), University of Padua (IT), University of Wisconsin–River Falls (US), University of Kansas (US), University of Alaska Anchorage (US), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US), Mercer University (US), University of Alberta (CA), Chiba University (JP), Stockholm University (SE), University of Wuppertal (DE), University of Alabama (US), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE), South Dakota School of Mines and Technology (US), University of Canterbury (NZ), The University of Texas at Arlington (US), Loyola University Chicago (US), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE), TU Dortmund University (DE), University of California, Irvine (US), Queen's University (CA), University of Utah (US), University of Münster (DE), Mercer University Health Sciences Center (US), Harvard University Press (US), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE), University of California System (US), Ghent University (BE), Yale University (US), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE), University of Oxford (GB), Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica (TW), Clark Atlanta University (US), The Ohio State University (US), University of Rochester (US), The University of Adelaide (AU), Stony Brook University (US), Technical University of Munich (DE), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US), University of Maryland, College Park (US), Chung-Ang University (KR), Drexel University (US), Southern University (BD), Columbia University (US), Sungkyunkwan University (KR), University of Delaware (US), Michigan State University (US), RWTH Aachen University (DE), Ruhr University Bochum (DE), University of California, Berkeley (US), UCLouvain (BE)
National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Nvidia, Michigan State University, Villum Fonden, University of Maryland, Polarforskningssekretariatet, Marquette University, Compute Canada, Western Canada Research Grid, National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Canada Foundation for Innovation, European Commission, National Research Foundation, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Carlsbergfondet, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, National Research Foundation of Korea, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, Vetenskapsrådet, RWTH Aachen University, Chiba University, Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics, Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Australian Research Council, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Marsden Fund, Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Office of Polar Programs, Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure, Office of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research
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