A Firefly Algorithm Based Beamformer for Movable Antenna Arrays

Recently, movable antenna arrays have been considered a promising approach to greatly enhance the beam pattern design because of the local movement capability of antenna elements. To optimize the radiation pattern, while traditional fixed-position antenna arrays only require the optimization of antenna weight vectors, deploying movable antenna arrays requires an additional optimization of antenna position vectors. Consequently, beamforming design for movable antenna arrays can be rendered as the joint optimization of those two vectors. This paper proposes a firefly algorithm based approach to effectively solve such the joint optimization problem for obtaining high beam gain at the desired direction and placing nulls towards interference ones. Simulation results convince the feasibility of the proposed approach compared to another state-of-the-art study. Index Terms-movable antenna array, firefly algorithm, beam-forming