MEDICINA REPRODUCTIVA EN LA ERA POSMODERNA

The advent of postmodernism can be traced back to the 1960s. While scientific advancements have undoubtedly enhanced human health and well-being, pursuing longevity through scientific means has also given rise to a host of unforeseen challenges that medicine and science are struggling to address. The individuality, complexity, and subjectivity inherent in personal experiences have led to significant shifts in the domain of human reproduction. The advent of reproductive medicine techniques in the 1970s, which resulted in the first live birth generated in a laboratory (in vitro), has brought about significant changes. These changes, which occurred in the 1980s and 1990s, led to an increase in multiple births, which had an impact on global epidemiology. Additionally, they accelerated the technology associ- ated with premature births. The mentioned challenges have been surmounted through the advent of embryo and oocyte vitrification, which permits the transfer of a single embryo with genetic evaluation, thereby enhancing pregnancy rates. This has permitted the conser- vation of fertility, from gonadal tissue to gametes, and has produced the second worldwide epidemiological change, namely the increase in pregnancies in women over the age of 40 years, which is associated with ova donation. Additionally, this procedure has enhanced the possibility of paternity for men over the age of 50, thereby reducing the miscarriage rates that were previously associated with older men. In the near future, the production of gametes in vitro will alter how embryos are generated, definitively ushering in the era of cryopreservation of human reproduction.