Emergency Psychological Assistance for Victims in Difficult Life Situations

This study is focused on identifying effective psychological intervention methods for individuals in challenging circumstances. The aim is to evaluate the influence of these interventions on the emotional well-being and adaptive capacities of those in difficult life situations. To achieve this, we utilised the Beck Depression Inventory, Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and General Health Questionnaire as assessment tools. The interventions used were Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing, Emotionally-Focused Therapy, Rational-Emotive Behaviour Therapy, and Psychological First Aid. We conducted a statistical analysis using t-test and ANOVA. The results revealed a significant decrease in stress levels in the intervention groups. Group A saw a reduction from an average stress score of 35 at the start of the experiment to 22 at the end. In group B (emotion-focused therapy), the level decreased from 32 to 25, and in group C – from 30 to 24. Group A showed a decrease in anxiety levels from 55 to 42 (p = 0.003), while Group C experienced a reduction from 53 to 40 (p = 0.001). Both groups also reported better quality of life scores post-intervention, highlighting the effectiveness of their respective therapies. However, control group D (psychological first aid) slightly reduced from 33 to 31, indicating lower effectiveness than other methods. We found that short-term psychotherapeutic methods, such as eye movement desensitisation and rational-emotive therapy, significantly reduce anxiety, depression and social difficulties, unlike standard support. This study underscores the need for further research to enhance our understanding of the effectiveness of these interventions in diverse settings.