Effect of Monsoon Season & Bio-Diversity on Aquatic Insects of Bhelwa Pond Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India

Background of the Research: This study examines the water quality and aquatic insect biodiversity of Bhelwa Pond in Nehru Nagar, Bhilai, which serves as a vital home for several species. Assessing the ecological integrity of this freshwater environment is crucial, particularly in light of any human-induced effects. Purpose: The objective of the research is to evaluate several physicochemical elements that affect the water quality index (WQI) in addition to identifying and analyzing the aquatic insect fauna. Methodologies: Sampling occurred weekly from June 15 to September 30, 2023, yielding 14 samples in monsoon season. Using a mix of nets, strainers, and cameras, 48 species from 18 orders including Hemiptera, Coleoptera, and Odonata were identified. To assess the pond's water quality, important physicochemical parameters were evaluated, including pH, hardness, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and alkalinity. The variability of data was assessed using z-score values shown via box-and-whisker plots. Principal Results: The findings revealed a substantial variety of aquatic insects, underscoring their sensitivity to certain water quality metrics. Notably, the most important elements influencing Bhelwa Pond's WQI were found to be potassium, alkalinity, and chlorine. The research demonstrated differing degrees of habitat appropriateness for aquatic creatures. Major Conclusions: The study emphasizes the need of tracking biodiversity and the health of water. The results underscore the need for specific measures to enhance water quality according to the indicated important criteria. Contributions to the Field: This study lays the groundwork for future conservation and management plans in freshwater ecosystems by providing insightful information on the connection between physicochemical characteristics and aquatic bio-diversity. Research Limitations/Implications: The research, albeit confined to one season, underscores the need for continuous monitoring to account for seasonal fluctuation and guide ecological management. Practical Implications: The consequences include actionable strategies for local authorities, promoting sustainable practices that enhance community involvement in safeguarding this essential environment.