Assessment of a base-isolated structure with semi-active low-cost viscous fluid dampers through real-time hybrid simulations

Abstract The dynamic performance of low-rise buildings under dynamic loads presents significant challenges in structural engineering. Accurate evaluation methods are crucial for ensuring the safety and resilience of these structures, especially in seismic-prone areas. This study focuses on implementing Real-Time Hybrid Simulations (RTHS) for the assessment of structural control systems in low-rise buildings. The research integrates a numerical substructure, which models the dynamic characteristics of the building, with an experimental substructure that consists of physical devices such as base isolators, semi-active fluid viscous dampers, or hybrid control system. The RTHS method provides a sophisticated platform to evaluate the effectiveness of hybrid control systems under seismic excitations. The results demonstrated a marked improvement in predicting structural responses, with the proposed method achieving a 15.0% reduction in error compared to fixed structure. Additionally, the application of hybrid control systems showed a 25.0% increase in energy dissipation capacity compared to individual passive control. These findings contribute to the advancement of resilient design strategies, offering a quantitative framework for optimizing structural control systems in low-rise buildings.