<i>Candida albicans</i> and NCAC species: acidogenic and fluoride-resistant oral inhabitants

<i>Candida</i> species produced acids under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, indicating their significant cariogenicity. Their growth and acid production were highly fluoride-resistant, whereas their enolase was fluoride-sensitive, suggesting mechanisms for maintaining low intracellular fluoride. The mechanisms underlying the fluoride resistance remain underexplored. Approaches other than fluoride may be needed to control <i>Candida</i>-associated caries.