Identification of Potential Hazards and Risks in Each Activity of SPAM (Drinking Water Supply System) Projects

The Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) is an important infrastructure designed to provide clean water to the community. However, the implementation of SPAM projects faces various challenges, especially in terms of work safety. Each stage of construction activities has potential hazards and risks that can affect the safety of workers, equipment, materials, and the environment/public. The high number of workplace accidents in the construction sector, including SPAM projects, demonstrates the need for comprehensive risk identification. This research aims to identify potential hazards and risks in each SPAM project activity. The research method used is qualitative analysis based on the potential hazards and risks that exist in the SPAM project. The data was analyzed to get the high risks that exist in the SPAM project. The results showed that potential hazards in the SPAM project include human error, non-standard machine conditions, exposure to hazardous materials, and unfavorable environmental conditions, such as bad weather, air and noise pollution. These risks can lead to worker injuries, material losses, project delays, and environmental impacts. The implications of this study highlight the critical need for comprehensive risk identification at every stage of a SPAM project to enhance workplace safety, minimize accidents, and ensure project sustainability.