What does stationary and ambulatory impedanciometry contribute to classical measurement techniques?

<title>Abstract</title> Impedanciometry is a technique described decades ago, but its use is not widely adopted today. However, its utility has been extensively demonstrated in multiple studies, both as a diagnostic support during high-resolution esophageal manometry and in outpatient settings coupled with pH monitoring. Additionally, it aids in the diagnosis of conditions that have very low visibility and can be used as a tool for optimizing both medical and surgical treatments. In this review, we will discuss its current indications as well as future perspectives. We will also explore its use in conjunction with high-resolution esophageal manometry, as well as the studies of impedance manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring. We will highlight the conditions where its use makes a significant difference for diagnosis and follow-up, and finally, we will examine the values and indices that are currently in use and under development.