Comparative evaluation of remineralization potential of a formulated non-fluoridated grape seed proanthocyanidin rich dentifrice with fluoride and CPP-ACP dentifrice on primary teeth an in-vitro study

The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the remineralization potential of a formulated non fluoridated gape seed Proanthocyanidin rich dentifrice with commercially available fluoridated and non-fluoridated dentifrices on primary teeth in an invitro environment. Sixty freshly extracted primary molars were demineralized using glacial acetic acid for four days and then divided into four groups (n=15). Group I: No remineralization treatment (control); Group II: Sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrice; Group III: Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate(CPP-ACP); Group IV: Proanthocyanidins dentifrice from grape seed extract. All treatments were applied for 3 minutes, twice daily, over 14 days. Teeth were immersed in artificial saliva during the remineralization period. Vickers enamel microhardness (VEMH) testing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed at baseline, post-demineralization, and post-remineralization. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test. VEMH values indicated significant differences among the groups after remineralization (p=0.00). Group IV demonstrated the highest mean VEMH values, indicating superior remineralization, while Group I showed the lowest values. Post Hoc analysis revealed significant differences between Group IV and all other groups. SEM images of Group IV displayed a dense, homogenous, globular surface resembling sound enamel, with no porosities, confirming effective remineralization of the demineralized enamel matrix. Proanthocyanidins dentifrice from grape seed extract demonstrate remarkable remineralization potential, comparable to fluoridated agents. These findings suggest Proanthocyanidins dentifrice as a viable non-fluoridated alternative for enamel remineralization in primary teeth.