Identification of Essential Oil Components from Rose Flower with High Pulsed Electric Field (HPEF) Treatment using Water Distillation Method

Rosa damascena Mill, frequently known as “damask rose” is a part of Rosaceae with an aroma in great demand by the public. Therefore, various derivative products utilize aromatic compounds from rose petals obtained through extraction, including essential oil. However, the effectiveness of extraction using the hydrodistillation method is still low. To address this issue, the modification of extraction process by combining HPEF as an initial pretreatment followed by hydrodistillation to enhance the quality and yield of rose essential oil was needed. The materials used were 5 kg of rose flowers and 40 liters of water as solvent. The method used was giving HPEF to the rose petals with an electric field of 7.5 kV/cm for 13 seconds and varying the frequency of HPEF (10 Hz, 20 Hz, 30 Hz). Furthermore, the rose petals that had passed the initial pretreatment went through the hydrodistillation stage by adding solvent. The distillate containing rose essential oil and solvent was separated based on the difference in density. The essential oil produced was quantified and analyzed for its compound using GC-MS. The results showed that HPEF treatment with a frequency of 20 Hz produced the highest essential oil yield (0.033%) and successfully extracted essential oils containing complex compounds such as 2-Hexyl-1-decanol and 1-nonadecene. The yield of essential oil produced still cannot be optimal, but there is an improvement compared to hydrodistillation without HPEF so further research can be carried out regarding the use of HPEF in the extraction process.