Peripheral Subtractive Dissection of Glissonean Pedicles in Minimally Invasive Anatomic Liver Resection for Right Posterior Lobe Tumors

Minimally invasive anatomic liver resection (MIALR) has recently garnered significant attention and has rapidly advanced in the field of hepatobiliary surgery. In particular, the dissection of the Glissonean pedicle, such as in Atsushi Sugioka's Gate Theory, represents a fundamental operative technique within MIALR. This technique is based on the anatomical structure of the Laennec capsule, thereby promoting and implementing MIALR in a scientifically rigorous manner. However, potential risks such as hemorrhage, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), and tumor rupture may arise during MIALR in clinical practice, particularly when it is applied to tumors located in the right posterior hepatic lobe near the bifurcation of the Glissonean pedicles (excluding hilar cholangiocarcinoma). To address these challenges, this study introduces a unique surgical approach, termed peripheral subtractive dissection of the Glissonean pedicle (PSDGP), designed to mitigate these potential complications. During the PSDGP procedure in MIALR for liver tumors, the cystic plate approach is utilized to facilitate extrahepatic dissection. Initially, a non-absorbable suture is threaded from Gate VI to Gate IV under the guidance of non-traumatic forceps (or similar instruments). Subsequently, the non-traumatic forceps are passed through Gate V again to retrieve the non-absorbable suture from Gate IV. Finally, both Gate V and Gate VI are used to achieve the separation of the right posterior Glissonean pedicle. This method may improve surgical success rates and yield better oncological outcomes due to its strict adherence to the no-touch and en-bloc principles of tumor resection.