Changes in the import dynamics of Atlantic mackerel and its economic implications for Türkiye in two last decades

The dynamics of Atlantic mackerel imports in Türkiye have undergone significant changes over the years. Initially, imports were predominantly sourced from high-cost suppliers such as Norway. However, rising costs prompted a shift toward more affordable alternative sources, including Morocco and Iceland. This diversification strategy reduced import costs, enabling lower consumer prices and decreased operational expenses for the aquaculture sector. Between 2005 and 2009, Türkiye’s annual average fresh mackerel imports were approximately 0.3 tons, dropping dramatically to just 0.1 tons annually between 2020 and 2024. In contrast, frozen mackerel imports increased significantly, with annual averages rising from 14,209 tons in 2005-2009 to 27,032 tons in 2020-2024. This shift reflects a transition in import preferences toward frozen products due to logistical and storage advantages, as well as the availability of lower-cost alternatives. Although the reduction in import prices has provided notable economic benefits for both consumers and the aquaculture industry, it has also raised concerns about quality and labeling. For instance, products imported from Morocco are often marketed as "Atlantic mackerel," and different species, such as chub mackerel, are sometimes mislabeled as mackerel. These practices pose a risk of misleading consumers and highlight the need for stricter quality control and accurate labeling. The diversification of import sources and the accompanying price reductions have created significant economic advantages for Türkiye. However, sustaining these benefits requires the implementation of robust quality standards, proper labeling practices, and consumer protection measures. Such actions will enhance market confidence and ensure the long-term sustainability of these economic gains.