Mechanism of Antioxidant Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles Obtained by Green and Chemical Synthesis

NPs synthesized via green methods exhibit antibacterial activity against E. coli. The green synthesis process employs environmentally friendly reagents, offering a pro-ecological advantage. Notably, these nanoparticles are strongly stabilized by the post-reaction mixture, eliminating the need for toxic stabilizers. Their antimicrobial mechanism involves ROS generation, catalase (CAT) inhibition, and reduced SOD activity, affecting ROS defense and by disrupting the cellular response to osmotic shock.