Associations between maternal body composition in the second trimester and premature rupture of membranes: a retrospective study using hospital information system data

Key body composition indicators, including a higher waist-to-hip ratio, lower protein levels, and lower mineral content, are associated with an increased risk of PROM. Additionally, advanced maternal age, shorter gestational age, and nulliparity are linked to a higher incidence of PROM. These findings provide valuable insights for early PROM risk screening and contribute to maternal and child health promotion. Future prospective, longitudinal, and causal studies are necessary to validate and further support these findings.