Enhanced Biomineralization and Bone Apatite Growth Formation Capacity of Chitosan-Based Electrospun Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering Application

This study presents the enhanced biomineralization and bone apatite growth formation capacity of nanostructured-bone tissue substitutes (Nano-BTSs) used from chitosan (CN), physiologically clotted fibrin (PCF), poly (vinyl) alcohol (PVA) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) applied for bone tissue engineering. The Nano-BTSs were prepared using the electrospinning technique and then characterized by physicochemical, antimicrobial, bioactivity, cell viability and mechanical strength. The Nano-BTSs were prepared using the electrospinning technique and then characterized by physicochemical, antimicrobial, bioactivity, cell viability and mechanical strength. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was conducted to investigate the interaction between CN, PCF, PVA and AgNPs. The bioactivity of nano-BTS was analyzed using simulated body fluid (SBF). Surface characterization, the analysis of calcium content, was performed after immersion in the SBF. Results showed that the Nano-BTS exhibited highly porous structures with an average pore size of 39.6 ± 11.5 [Formula: see text]m, and HR-SEM of the Nano-BTS revealed a diameter range of 100–254 nm. Nano-BTS from PVA:PCF:CN:AgNPs had excellent mechanical properties, such as tensile strength (16.11 [Formula: see text] 0.02 MPa) and elongation at break (16.55 [Formula: see text] 0.07%), matching well with that of cancellous bone. Nano-BTS exhibits antimicrobial activity against different types of bacteria. The in vitro characteristics were analyzed using the human osteoblast cell line (MG-63) which showed excellent live cell growth in Nano-BTS. Based on the results of this study, these are efficient scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration.