Research on Low-Temperature Storage Refrigeration Technology Based on Factors of Biological Sample Damage

This paper explores refrigeration technologies for the low-temperature storage of biological samples, specifically focusing on damage factors affecting these samples. It systematically analyzes current refrigeration techniques, highlighting adverse factors encountered during low-temperature storage of biological samples. It presents the strengths and weaknesses of various refrigeration technologies, their applications, and their impacts on sample integrity due to factors like the thermal stress, the ice crystal formation, and the use of protectants. Lastly, the paper provides insights into ongoing challenges and bottlenecks in the field and suggests future research directions aimed at improving the quality and effectiveness of biological sample preservation.