Sensorimotor Integration Mechanism for Precise Grasping Movements in Mixed Reality Environments

The mechanism of sensorimotor integration involves how the brain integrates multisensory information to form a unified perception of movement and space. Precision grasping, a hand function unique to humans, is the foundation for various dexterous manipulations. However, the sensorimotor integration mechanism underlying precision grasping remains unclear, particularly when there is a discrepancy between visual and tactile information. This study aims to develop an immersive mixed-reality-based precision grasping control system, synchronously collecting multiple physiological signals to reveal the control mechanisms of precision grasping from two perspectives: central-peripheral coordination and perception-movement coupling. The results show that during precision grasping, conflicts between visual and tactile perception induce differences in oscillatory activity across multiple brain regions (p<0.05), suggesting that visualtactile conflicts significantly affect the bidirectional coupling between the cerebral cortex and muscles. The brain is capable of adjusting motor output in real time to maintain performance when there is inconsistency in spatial and temporal information. Sensory feedback also induces differences in cortex-muscle bidirectional connectivity (p<0.05). Specifically, information transmitted from the left frontal-central region regulates motor output based on weight feedback, while the mid parietal-occipital region plays a key role in integrating visual feedback.