Microphysical Characteristics of a Sea Fog Event with Precipitation Along the West Coast of the Yellow Sea in Summer

The microphysics and visibility (Vis) of a sea fog event with precipitation were measured at the Baguan Hill Meteorological Station (BGMS) (36.07° N, 120.33° E; 86 m above sea level) from 27 June to 28 June 2022. The duration of the fog process was 880 min. The mean value of the number concentration (Nd) was 190.62 cm−3, and the mean value of the liquid water content (LWC) was 0.026 g m−3. Small droplets contributed 81% to Nd and had a greater impact on visibility attenuation, while larger droplets accounted for 58% of the total LWC. The observed droplet size distribution (DSD) was better represented by the G-exponential distribution than by the Gamma distribution. Incorporating both Nd and LWC in Vis parameterization resulted in the best prediction performance. This work enhances understanding of sea fog microphysics in the west coast of Yellow Sea in summer and highlights the need for long-term observations.