Prevention of bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus

Relevance. Bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus ranks second among the causes of gastrointestinal bleeding. In patients with cirrhosis of the liver and portal hypertension, bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus and stomach leads to death in 20% of cases within six weeks. Primary and secondary prevention should be carried out to avoid bleeding. This literature review will present the causes of portal hypertension and methods of preventing bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus. The purpose of this study is to identify global trends in the prevention of bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus in portal hypertension. Conclusion: During the analysis of the literature, we came to the conclusion that the advantage should be given to combined methods of prevention. Most of the available data is extrapolated from adult studies. Currently, there is no single developed strategy for the prevention of bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus in children.