Injectable SilMA-GelMA hybrid hydrogel: A photocurable biomaterial for enhanced wound healing with superior adhesion and biocompatibility

Skin wound healing, particularly in extensive or deep injuries, remains a significant clinical challenge. Hydrogels made from natural or synthetic materials can be designed to promote wound healing through various mechanisms. Herein, an injectable hybrid hydrogel composed of methacryloylated silk fibroin (SilMA) and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is designed for enhanced wound healing. The hybrid hydrogel is synthesized using photocrosslinking, which allows for the integration of SilMA's strong tissue adhesion with GelMA's biocompatibility and cellular affinity. The SilMA-GelMA hydrogel exhibited excellent injectability, mechanical strength, and biodegradability, making it suitable for minimally invasive applications. In vitro experiments demonstrated high cell viability, proliferation, and enhanced fibroblast migration, critical for wound healing. In vivo, SilMA-GelMA hydrogel can significantly accelerate wound closure and increased collagen deposition compared to SilMA alone and control groups. The adhesive properties of the SilMA-GelMA hydrogel ensured firm attachment to the wound site, reducing the need for sutures. In summary, the SilMA-GelMA hydrogel is a promising candidate for advanced wound care, offering potential clinical applications in skin tissue engineering.