Knowledge of Basic Life Support Among the General Population in Arar City, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Cardiac arrest is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Immediate administration of Basic Life Support (BLS) techniques by laypersons can significantly increase survival rates and minimize neurological damage. However, public knowledge and preparedness toward BLS remain low in many communities. This study aims to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of BLS among the non-medical population in Arar City, Saudi Arabia and to examine its association with educational level, age, gender and income. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online self-administered validated questionnaire. The study included 400 non-medical individuals aged 18-60 years in Arar City from February to April 2024. Chi-square tests were used to analyze associations between demographic factors and BLS knowledge. Results: Only 62.7% of participants recognized signs of cardiac arrest. Significant knowledge deficits were identified in AED function (65.7% unaware), initial steps in fainting (67% incorrect) and proper CPR compression rate (69.7% unaware). Gender (p = 0.0001) and family monthly income (p = 0.022) were significantly associated with the likelihood of performing hands-only CPR, while region and age showed no significant relationship. Conclusion: Despite the critical importance of BLS in improving survival rates following cardiac arrest, a considerable percentage of participants demonstrated insufficient understanding of essential concepts. Gender and income-related disparities in CPR willingness highlight the need for targeted educational initiatives to improve BLS knowledge and skills in Arar City.