Design and Analysis of Parallel Hybrid-Excited Superconducting Electromagnetic Support System for High-Speed Electromagnetic Suspension Maglev

The conventional electromagnetic maglev train is currently the sole commercially operated high-speed maglev train; however, it faces challenges, such as a narrow suspension gap, excessive energy consumption, and heat dissipation issues. High-temperature superconducting materials possess the advantages of zero resistance and high current-carrying capacity. Building upon the conventional high-speed electromagnetic levitation train, this article proposes a parallel hybrid-excited superconducting electromagnetic support system that incorporates both high-temperature superconducting and conventional components. By considering the symmetry of the support arm and electromagnetic field, certain normally conducting electromagnets are replaced with superconducting ones. Utilizing the conventional electromagnetic support system as a basis, we conducted finite-element simulation to establish and analyze the superconducting hybrid electromagnetic support and linear motor traction system. At suspension gaps of 15 and 20 mm, superconducting electromagnets contribute 80% of the suspension force without significant traction loss, while normally conducting electromagnets require smaller currents for system support and traction functions. The suspension gap can be effectively controlled within a certain safe range (15–20 mm) by maintaining a constant current in the electromagnetic coil.