Review of Applications in Wheelchair Control Using Emotiv Insight and Emotiv Epoc Headsets

This review paper investigates the applications of two consumer-grade EEG headsets, Emotiv Epoc and Emotiv Insight, in controlling wheelchairs through brain-computer interfaces (BCI). By systematically analyzing 34 studies, the paper explores the contributions, methodologies, and signal processing techniques used in developing BCI-controlled wheelchair-controlled systems. The Emotiv Epoc, equipped with 14 channels, has been a popular choice for motor imagery-based control systems. These systems have demonstrated accuracy rates of up to 90% in controlled environments. However, real-world robustness remains a challenge, as mental focus and signal stability can affect performance, leading to limitations in naturalistic settings. Conversely, Emotiv Insight, with its more compact 5-channel setup, has gained traction in simpler, user-friendly applications. Often, these systems integrate multi- modal inputs, combining EEG signals with facial expressions or other control mechanisms. Despite its lower resolution compared to the Epoc, the Insight has achieved notable accuracy rates, reaching up to 91 % in hybrid control systems. This review discusses the strengths and limitations of both headsets, identifying key challenges in signal processing, control accuracy, and the usability for assistive mobility in real-world settings. The paper also highlights the potential improvements necessary to advance the development of more practical, reliable BCI systems for individuals with mobility impairments.