Assessing the Challenges of Enforcing International Humanitarian Law in the ongoing- Israel-Gaza Conflict and its Impact in International Relations

The Israel- Gaza conflict, one of the most enduring and volatile struggles in modern history, has long been a focal point for discussions on international law and the protection of civilians during times of war. At the heart of this conflict lies a fundamental question: Can international humanitarian law (IHL), the body of law designed to reduce the horrors of war, truly protect those who are caught in the crossfire of such intense asymmetrical warfare? Despite the existence of numerous treaties, conventions and resolutions aimed at safeguarding human life and dignity, the enforcement of IHL in the context of the Israel- Gaza conflict, has proven to be a monumental challenge. This paper aims to explore the application and enforcement of IHL in the Israel- Gaza conflict, focusing on complexities that arise from political, military and humanitarian realities. From the repeated violations of IHL to the profound impact on civilian populations, the Israel- Gaza conflict provides a clear case study of limitations and failure of international law in the face of entrenched political and military power dynamics. Whether it is the use of disproportionate force by Israel, the targeting of civilian infrastructure or the controversial tactics employed by Palestinian armed groups, the reality on the ground often starkly contrasts with the legal frameworks that aim to protect human life.